With the latest concept of maintaining ideal blood pressure, the risk of heart disease, stroke, uremia, blindness and even sudden death will be greatly reduced, and the health protection will be guaranteed.
Although temperature is an important factor in triggering cardiovascular accidents, the more crucial reason is that behind many deadly severe diseases, it can not be separated from a silent invisible killer, hypertension. It has no obvious symptoms, but quietly, bit by bit to erode the body function. Among the top 10 causes of death among Chinese people, half of them are related to or closely related to high blood pressure.
According to a survey conducted by the Department of Health, one in five people over 15 years old has hypertension in Taiwan over 15 years old, one for every three people over the age of 40 and more than half of all 65-year-olds. However, three to 40% of them do not know that they have high blood pressure and their bodies light up in red light. Moreover, there are many people who have high blood pressure plausible concept, often let a doctor headache.
Health magazine's clinicians most often encounter the myth of high blood pressure and cooperate with the National Hypertensive Guidelines (JNC 7) proposed by the Joint National Board of Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension (HIPC) in 2003 to provide the latest concepts of blood pressure control for good health Guaranteed.
Myth 1
Since my high blood pressure can not find the reason, it should be the constitutional relationship, which is tall and short, some people allergic to the truth, do not control, down but not good.
〤 Hypertension needs to be controlled to reduce severe complications of blood vessels and vital organs.
Chen Chih-hung, director of the Sun Yat-sen University Hospital, said that over 90% of the patients with hypertension actually have no definite cause of "essential hypertension." This is related to factors such as age, sex, and inheritance, but whether it is primary or other diseases (Such as hyperthyroidism) caused by secondary hypertension, if not treated, the brain, heart, kidney and other vital organs of the ongoing harm, should maintain normal blood pressure in order to avoid serious complications.
Because of the horrors of high blood pressure lies in its long-term lethality.
Blood vessels like the river, it is raining on weekdays, and the water quantity can not see the stability of the embankment. However, the long-term high-pressure impact can cause the embankment to breach or even lean. In case of typhoon heavy rain, pressure surge, Disasters are only moments. The human body is gradually adapting to the increase of blood pressure, but the blood vessels and organs have been slowly injured. Once they are laughed, rage or cold weather, they may cause stroke or myocardial infarction or even sudden death.
Mayo Medical Center, the United States pointed out that if not controlled by high blood pressure, the main organs of the body are:
● arteries: high blood pressure may make the intimal thickening, hardening of the arteries, wall thickening and narrowing; and will destroy the arterial wall, the formation of plaque or aneurysm, in case of aortic dissection, rupture, than the myocardium The infarct is even more critical and the patient dies without even surgery.
● Heart: high blood pressure causes increased arterial resistance, resulting in more force to the left ventricle to the blood can be hit out, long-term down the left ventricle will become hypertrophy, resulting in heart failure; supply of coronary blood flow coronary heart disease, angina, myocardial infarction Increased risk.
● Brain: High blood pressure causes blood vessels to rupture, or blood clots block blood flow to all parts of the brain, which is the main cause of stroke.
● Kidney: High blood pressure can worsen the blood circulation of the kidneys, impair renal function, and cause kidney failure.
● eyes: cause retinopathy, severe blindness.
● Metabolic Syndrome: Hypertension often leads to two other bad friends - hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, which tend to develop into diabetes, heart disease and stroke in the future.
So, everyone should know what their blood pressure is, and if it exceeds 120/80 mmHg, or if you have headaches, dizziness, nosebleeds, and more, beware of high blood pressure.
Myth 2
I just 40 years old, blood pressure 130/85 mmHg, should not be any serious, right?
〤 Blood pressure 130/85 mmHg, your future risk of cardiovascular disease will be doubled.
Hypertension latest treatment guidelines JNC 7, the new inclusion of systolic blood pressure 120 ~ 139, diastolic blood pressure 80 ~ 89 mmHg, are prehypertension. The chances of these people developing cardiovascular disease in the future are two times greater than those with normotensive blood pressure. Therefore 130/85 mmHg, if there is no diabetes, heart disease, stroke and other risk factors, you should adjust the lifestyle control of blood pressure.
JNC 7 emphasizes that even if you become normotensive at age 55, you still have a 90% chance of developing high blood pressure throughout your life.
So, the sooner you start to pay attention to your daily life, the more you can get your blood pressure under control, which is much more affordable than buying a bunch of health insurance policies.
Control of blood pressure is not just medicine, but do not underestimate the contribution of a good lifestyle to controlling blood pressure.
Cathay Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute physician Huangqi Wang pointed out that even better, and then effective antihypertensive drugs, the average effective antihypertensive effect is about 8mmHg, beneficial to the effect of healthy lifestyle, better than eating a antihypertensive drugs.
Good for high blood pressure lifestyle, including:
● Weight loss: Weight loss has a significant effect on lowering blood pressure, maintaining BMI in the range of 18.5 ~ 24.
● Blood pressure control diet (DASH): The emphasis is on eating more whole grains, fruits and vegetables, low fat products, foods rich in unsaturated fatty acids, eat less high cholesterol, high fat and salty foods.
● exercise: a variety of aerobic exercise on blood pressure control are helpful. Walking is convenient and effective, preferably 30 minutes a day.
● Quitting smoking: increasing smoking increases bad cholesterol accumulates in the blood vessels, causing atherosclerosis and narrowing the vasoconstriction, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
● Restricting alcohol consumption: A small amount of alcohol, with a slight hypotensive effect, but exceeding it will significantly increase the risk of hypertension. Taiwan's National Hospital recommended that healthy people should not exceed 10 grams of alcohol a day, about a bottle of beer or 120 ㏄ red wine.
● enough sleep: stress, insomnia will force the blood pressure to rise, sleep full of blood pressure to be stable.
Myth 3
High that blood pressure (systolic blood pressure) a little higher, because low blood pressure (diastolic blood pressure) is more important.
〤 diastolic and systolic pressure as important. Especially after age 50, systolic blood pressure is more important than diastolic blood pressure.
In the past, diastolic blood pressure was more important than systolic blood pressure, suggesting that low blood pressure not exceeding 90 mmHg was not high blood pressure. However, JNC 7 believes that hypertensive patients over the age of 50, to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, control of systolic blood pressure is more important than diastolic blood pressure.
Hypertension exactly how much control to be ideal?
JNC 7 Adjustments The past standard states that to reduce the complications of hypertension, blood pressure should be controlled below 140/90 mmHg and more stringent for patients already with diabetes or kidney disease, to be controlled to less than 130/80 mmHg.
Myth 4
Hypertension drugs can be adjusted, normal blood pressure do not eat.
〤 Need to treat high blood pressure as chronic disease, life-long control. One or two days after stopping the blood pressure is normal, because the effect is still there, then still increase.
Many patients, knowing that they have high blood pressure and evaded treatment on the grounds that "they have to eat a lifetime's medicine and have become medicine jars," have been able to procrastinate and delay in seeking medical treatment. "They have not eaten for a lifetime, It can reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke, "said Dr Chan Chih-hung, who earnestly advises patients to treat well.
Or the patient himself as a doctor, will be taken once daily, changed to two days time. The next day or a few days after the amount of blood pressure normal or slightly higher, there is nothing uncomfortable, simply stop the drug.
A few days after discontinuation of blood pressure is normal, because the drug is still maintaining the effect of blood pressure, until the drug concentration disappeared completely, blood pressure will rise again, back to uncontrolled hypertension, the future occurrence of complications the same high. Moreover, some drugs if suddenly discontinued, may make blood pressure rebound, heart rate faster and more dangerous, Dr. Huang Kaihong explained.
The correct reduction should be judged by the physician, not stretching the medication interval should be changed from eating a half, or use other types of antihypertensive drugs.
Myth 5
Since their own people have high blood pressure, "呷 呷 逗 相 相报", Mr.'s medicine to his wife to eat it does not matter.
〤 Hypertension treatment needs to be tailor made.
Chen Zhihong, MD, said that diagnosis and treatment of hypertension need to consider the patient's age, gender, smoking, diabetes, heart disease, kidney disease and other issues; and to assess whether hypertension has caused the patient's heart, kidney, brain, blood vessels and other vital organs And then decide which mechanism of action should be used drugs, the ultimate goal is to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease and kidney disease, a personal blood pressure treatment.
Therefore, even if two patients with the same blood pressure of 150/100 mmHg have the possibility of lowering blood pressure, patients with type B need to consider the problem of heart enlargement and the way of treatment. Patients do not covet medication to save others from taking antihypertensive drugs.
Myth 6
Hypertensive medicine to eat less and better, side effects are much less.
〤 Not necessarily. The trend of hypertension treatment today does tend to eat long-acting drugs a day, but most hypertensive patients need two or more antihypertensive drugs to achieve the desired value of blood pressure.
National Chiao Tung University Heart Hospital director Zeng Chundian said that rapid progress of hypertension drugs, choose to slowly release the efficacy of a long-acting antihypertensive drugs once a day to eat, can increase the long-term patient's willingness to take. And JNC 7 found that most hypertensive patients need two or more antihypertensive drugs in order to control blood pressure in the ideal range.
Some patients often complain about eating antihypertensive drugs, dizziness, dry cough, blush, impotence and other side effects. It is best to tell your doctor the next time you visit a doctor because of the wide variety of antihypertensive drugs. "All the best antihypertensive drugs in the world are provided by Taiwan's National Health Insurance." Once doctors said that doctors can change prescriptions and do not I stopped.
"How to make patients willing to follow and cooperate with physicians is an important key factor in the success of blood pressure control." During a speech at the Taiwan Medical Association Conference, Dr Tseng reminded the attending physicians of the important conclusions of JNC7. He even suggested to the patient: "In case of any doubt about the treatment, we must tell your doctor that adequate communication will ensure your health."
(Reviewer: NTU Center for Cardiology Zeng Chundian)
Good amount of blood pressure, saving health costs
JNC 7 states that the correct measurement of blood pressure should:
1. Amount of blood pressure in the first half an hour to avoid eating, exercise, smoking, drinking caffeinated beverages.
2. Use a certified sphygmomanometer (Dr Wong Kai-hong said that as long as correct, mercury, electronic sphygmomanometer can be).
3. comfortable sitting in a chair, feet should be to the ground. Rest for at least 5 minutes before starting the measurement.
4. Measurement, the arm position and the heart with high, sphygmomanometer arm size should be around the arm 80%, adults, children need to use different armbands.
5. Blood pressure should be measured at least twice, mining average.
The general public about 3 months, hypertension patients in accordance with the doctor how long a blood pressure.
It is best to compare the amount at home with doctors so as to prevent some people from going to the hospital because of the tension. The result is "white robe hypertension".
The higher the blood pressure, the shorter the life expectancy
● If you do not control high blood pressure:
The rate of stroke increased seven times
‧ heart failure rate increased by 5 to 7 times
‧ Coronary heart disease increased by 2.5 to 4 times
● If you have good blood pressure control, you can
‧ Reduce the incidence of stroke by 30-40%
‧ Reduce the incidence of heart failure by more than 50%
‧ Reduce the incidence of myocardial infarction by 20-25%
‧ Reduce the incidence of end-stage renal disease (uremia) by 25%
Are you hypertensive?
When the blood pressure exceeds 115 / 75mmHg, the risk of cardiovascular disease is gradually increased
Blood Pressure Standard systolic blood pressure
Normal blood pressure <120 <80
Prehypertension 120 ~ 13980 ~ 89
The first phase of hypertension 140 ~ 15990 ~ 99
The second phase of hypertension ≧ 160 ≧ 100
Unit: mmHg <mm Hg>
You most need knowledge of hypertension, health knowledge base!